Ensure all *.[ch] files include config.h

Including config.h is necessary to get e.g. the _GNU_SOURCE define and
any other definitions that autoconf declares. Hence, config.h needs to
be included as the first header in each file.

This is done either via:
1. Including "common.h" (i3bar)
2. Including "libi3.h"
3. Including "all.h" (i3)
4. Including <config.h> directly

Also remove now-unused I3__FILE__, add copyright/license statement
where missing and switch include/all.h to #pragma once.

src/config_directives.c

@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-#undef I3__FILE__
-#define I3__FILE__ "config_directives.c"
 /*
  * vim:ts=4:sw=4:expandtab
  *
@@ -9,11 +7,11 @@
  * config_directives.c: all config storing functions (see config_parser.c)
  *
  */
+#include "all.h"
+
 #include <float.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 
-#include "all.h"
-
 /*******************************************************************************
  * Criteria functions.
  ******************************************************************************/